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ARMENIAN CELEBRITIES in ANCIENT CULTURE and ART |
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Êàòåãîðèÿ: CULTURE |
Íîâîñòü îò: Admin | 13.01.2006, 10:52
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MESROP MASHTOTS (361-440)
- the ingenious son of Armenian people. MASHTOTS, having defined the system of sounds of the Armenian language with a surprising subtlety, in 405-406 created the Armenian alphabet, which corresponded to the language of that epoch and has not had any need for serious amendments for over sixteen centuries after its creation. Due to the invention of letters, schools were opened with the studies based on the native language where the first teacher was MESROP MASHTOTS himself. Soon he embarked on translating the Bible, which thing as experts argue has been hitherto unsurpassed for its accuracy, conciseness and expressiveness. As early as in V century works of the greatest Greek thinkers - Aristotel, Platon and other philosophers and scientists were translated into Armenian language. Armenian people got acquainted with the science and literature of the classical antiquity. Some works of ancient thinkers were kept only in Armenian translations.
KORYUN
- one of the first pupils of MESROP MASHTOTS. He studied Greek in Venice from 430 to 334. Having returned to Armenia he engaged in translations. In 443-449 Koryun wrote the book "The Life of Mashtots" which is the first historiographic work known to us, written in Armenian. The author described the life and activity of his great teacher, the history of the invention of Armenian letters, opening of schools, dissemination of literacy, origin of the Armenian literature. The book contains valuable data on the cultural life of neighbouring countries as well.
AGATANGEGHOS
- the author of "the History of Armenia ", written in 465.The book stated the events of III-IV centuries, in particular the history of acceptance of Christianity in Armenia. The extensive doctrine of the Educator is included in this book, narrating about Gregory the Illuminator's activity, about the struggle against the pagan religion, written earlier. The work of Agatangeghos was translated into many foreign languages.
PASTOS BYUZAND
- the author of "the History of Armenia ", written in the 70-s of the V century. This chronicle covers the events occurring in Armenia in 330-387 that is, from the spread of Christianity in Armenia up to the first allotment of the country between Rome and Persia. The book of Byuzand is the most valuable source on the history of an internal life of the country and prolonged courageous struggle of Armenian people against Sasanid Persia. The book contains also many useful data on a number of countries of the Middle East.
YEZNIK KOGHBATSY
- one of the first pupils of Mashtots - the philosopher. Since 427 he had studied in Edess, and since 430- in Byzantium. He commanded Syrian, Persian and Greek languages. Since 434 he had engaged in translation activity. Subsequently he issued a number of philosophical works. In one of them - "Book of refutations" (about good and evil) he subjected to sharp criticism philosophical background of Persian zoroastric religion.
YEGHISHE
- He acquired his education in Alexandria. He is the author of many works. The most important of them is the historical composition "About Vardan and Armenian War", written in 450-451 in which the history of Armenia is stated from thedecline of the Arshakids empire(428-429ãã) to 464-465. The Battle of Avarair in 451 was of great interest. His catchwords are devoted to the memory of the fallen in the battle of Avarair: "Unconscious death is a death, but the one you are aware of - immortality". "Doctrines about Suffering, Crucifixion, Burials and Revival of the Christ", "About Soul of the Person " and etc. came from under his pen.
LAZR PARPETSI
was born in the village of Parpi in 440. He was educated in Byzantium where he was grounded in ancient Greek culture. In his remarkable work "the History of Armenia ", written at the end of V century, he narrated the historical events, occurring in Armenia from 387 up to 485. Work of Parpetsi supplements the events about the war of 450-451, described in the book of Yeghishe, and which is a unique reliable source on the liberation war of 481-484. The book is written in clear and figurative language.
MOVSES KHORENATSI.
After studying Greek language and philosophy in Alexandria, Greece and Rome,he returned to Armenia in 440. He wrote a number of works the wreath of which is " the History of Armenia ", created in 481, in which, using numerous written sources, national legends, epic songs and tales, he narrated the history of Armenia from the most ancient times up to the decline of the Arshakids empire. The book highlights the political and cultural events, the economic life of the country, urban construction, economic, political and cultural relations of Armenia with various countries, etc. "The history of Armenia" by Khorenatsi is one of the unrivalled masterpieces among the books on ancient history, and on the scope of various and richest actual material, patriotic spirit, deep generalizations and fascinating style it is unique. It is not accidental that Movses Khorenatsi was called "the father of the Armenian historiography ". His book came to be the manual for all Armenian schools and higher educational institutions untill XIX century.
DAVID ANHAGHT (Invincible)
- the great philosopher of the Middle Ages living in V-VI centuries. He was given this nickname because he always managed to defeat the Athenian philosophers in various disputes. As to his outlook David followed Platon and Aristotle. He is the author of many translations of Greek philosophic works and interpretation. Anhaght is the author of original work " Definition of philosophy " in which he defined belief by virtue of human reason.
Ananya Shirakatsi- the great scientist of VII century. He is the author of many scientific works on astronomy, mathematics, and natural sciences. He created the first textbook on arithmetics, the textbook on geography - "Ashkharatsuyts". Shirakatsi asserted the idea of sphere- shaped Earth, gave true explanation to many natural phenomena, including the eclipse of the sun and the moon.
GRIGOR NAREKATSI (951-1003)
- the great poet of the Middle Ages. The author of an ingenious poem "the Book of Mournful Motet", known among people under the name of "Narek", in which the poet calls on people to abandon the sins and to raise to the heights of spiritually felicitous life. This poem and also other verses of Narekatsi, for their high artistry, are ranked among unsurpassed masterpieces of the Armenian literature.
MKHITAR GOSH (?-1213)
- the greatest Armenian thinker, the expert of the law of medieval Armenia. At the end of XII century he created his well-known "Code of laws". Gosh is the author of many social fables.
VARDAN AYGEKTSI - the greatest fabulist. He is an author of " the Fox book ", issued in 1668 in which, national fables were basically collected, having sharp, social character and directed against oppressions and violence, greed and self interest.
MKHITAR HERATSI
- the well- known astronomer and the doctor of the Middle Ages living in XII-XIII centuries. The author of work, "the Consolation in fevers", written in 1184 in which were investigated the reasons , essence and therapy of widely-spread fever-related diseases of that time.
AMIRDOVLAT AMASATSI (1514-1496)
- the well-known doctor - theorist. He wrote - " Advantage of Medicine " which contains the data on anatomy and physiologies, procreation and hygiene, patalogics and therapies, "Unnecessary for ignoramus", "Science of Medicine" which by its contents is the encyclopedic dictionary of medicinal substances.
NERSES SHNORHALI(1102-1172)
- the Armenian poet and the church figure who was the Katholicos since 1166 . He is the author of a poem " Crying on capture of Edess " which is one of the best works of the Middle Ages. He wrote numerous verses and riddles, both for children, and adults.
FRICK
- the remarkable poet of the Middle Ages. In his verses he castigates violence and oppression of foreign conquerors, rises against an inequality reigning in the world, injustice, oppression of toilers.
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